Quality of Life Predictors in Voice of Individuals With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there is a relationship between voice-related quality of life, pulmonary function, risk of dysphagia, symptoms of dyspnea, and the different degrees of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and to verify which factors may be associated to voice-related quality of life. METHODS: Complete records of 37 individuals diagnosed with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, of both sexes, aged between 35 and 89, assessed using the Voice-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire, Questionnaire for Dysphagia Screening, Modified Medical Research Council, Index of Body Mass, Peak Expiratory Flow, COPD Assessment Test and Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease classification. RESULTS: There was a significant, moderate, and negative correlation between the total scores and the physical domain scores of the Voice-Related Quality of Life as a COPD Assessment Test. In the multivariate linear regression analysis, the coefficient of determination explained 51.1% of the relationship between the total Voice-Related Quality of Life score and the independent variables: Peak Expiratory Flow and Questionnaire for Dysphagia Screening. CONCLUSION: In the analyzed group, voice-related quality of life was negatively influenced by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, risk of dysphagia, and changes in Peak Expiratory Flow.

Risk factors for fine and gross motor development in preterm and term infants.

PURPOSE: To investigate the association of sociodemographic, obstetrical and psychosocial factors with fine and gross motor developmental delay in preterm and term infants, in the age group of three months and one day to twelve months and twenty-nine days. METHODS: The term and preterm infants were evaluated by the Denver II Test for fine and gross motor skills, investigated in three phases: 165 infants in phase 1 (3 months and 1 day to 4 months and 29 days), 130 infants in stage 2 (8 months and 1 day to 9 months and 29 days) and 102 infants in phase 3 (11 months and 1 day to 12 months and 29 days). Sociodemographic, obstetrical and psychosocial data were obtained through an initial interview with family members and the psychic risk assessment through the Child Development Risk Indicators and PREAUT protocols. Statistical analysis was performed using the logistic regression model. RESULTS: Significant factors in the association with fine and gross motor delay were: maternal gestational and obstetric history (planned pregnancy, type of delivery, number of prenatal consultations, use of medication and gestational intercurrence), features and biological risks of the baby (gender, mechanical ventilation, feeding difficulty), sociodemographic factors (career and level of maternal schooling, number of children and people in the house) and psychosocial issues concerning to the family routine participation and presence of psychic risk. CONCLUSION: There was a significant association between motor development delay of the infants, environmental and biological variables, with emphasis on psychic risk.

Risk factors for fine and gross motor development in preterm and term infants / Fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da motricidade fina e grossa em bebês nascidos pré-termo e a termo

ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the association of sociodemographic, obstetrical and psychosocial factors with fine and gross motor developmental delay in preterm and term infants, in the age group of three months and one day to twelve months and twenty-nine days. Methods The term and preterm infants were evaluated by the Denver II Test for fine and gross motor skills, investigated in three phases: 165 infants in phase 1 (3 months and 1 day to 4 months and 29 days), 130 infants in stage 2 (8 months and 1 day to 9 months and 29 days) and 102 infants in phase 3 (11 months and 1 day to 12 months and 29 days). Sociodemographic, obstetrical and psychosocial data were obtained through an initial interview with family members and the psychic risk assessment through the Child Development Risk Indicators and PREAUT protocols. Statistical analysis was performed using the logistic regression model. Results Significant factors in the association with fine and gross motor delay were: maternal gestational and obstetric history (planned pregnancy, type of delivery, number of prenatal consultations, use of medication and gestational intercurrence), features and biological risks of the baby (gender, mechanical ventilation, feeding difficulty), sociodemographic factors (career and level of maternal schooling, number of children and people in the house) and psychosocial issues concerning to the family routine participation and presence of psychic risk. Conclusion There was a significant association between motor development delay of the infants, environmental and biological variables, with emphasis on psychic risk.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a associação de fatores sociodemográficos, obstétricos e psíquicos com atraso no desenvolvimento motor fino e grosso, em crianças nascidas a termo e prematuras. Método Os bebês nascidos a termo e pré-termo foram avaliados pelo teste Denver II para motricidade fina e grossa em três fases: 165 crianças na fase 1 (3 meses e 1 dia a 4 meses e 29 dias), 130 crianças na fase 2 (8 meses e 1 dias a 9 meses e 29 dias) e 102 crianças na fase 3 (11 meses e 1 dia a 12 meses e 29 dias). Os dados sociodemográficos, obstétricos e psicossociais foram obtidos em entrevista inicial e o risco psíquico foi avaliado pelos indicadores clínicos de risco ao desenvolvimento infantil e pelos sinais PREAUT. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio de regressão logística. Resultados Os fatores significativos na associação com atraso motor fino e grosseiro foram: histórico gestacional e obstétrico materno (gravidez planejada, tipo de parto, número de consultas pré-natais, uso de medicamentos e intercorrência gestacional), características e riscos biológicos do bebê (sexo, ventilação mecânica, dificuldade de alimentação), fatores sociodemográficos (carreira e nível de escolaridade materna, número de filhos e pessoas na casa) e questões psicossociais relacionadas à participação rotineira da família e presença de risco psíquico. Conclusão Houve associação significativa entre atraso no desenvolvimento motor dos lactentes, variáveis ambientais e biológicas, com ênfase no risco psíquico.

Auditory training in autism spectrum disorder: a case report.

This study aimed to measure the effects of a Computer-based Auditory Training Program (CBATP) on an adolescent diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD). This is the case report of a male, 14-year-old adolescent diagnosed with ASD. The individual was submitted to basic audiological evaluation, central auditory processing assessment and hearing electrophysiology (EP), pre- and post-therapeutic intervention. Central auditory processing (CAP) was assessed by means of the following instruments: Time-compressed Speech Test (TCST), Random Gap Detection Test (RGDT), Staggered Spondaic Word Test (SSWT), Frequency (Pitch) Pattern Sequence Test (FPST), and Duration Pattern Test (DPT). The P300 component of the Event-related Potential (ERP) was used in the hearing EP. Pre-intervention assessment of CAP showed changes in the auditory skills of closure, figure-ground and temporal ordering, but normal temporal resolution ability. Post-intervention evaluation of CAP showed improvement in all previously mentioned auditory skills, except for the figure-ground ability, which remained unchanged. Regarding the findings of the hearing EP, a decrease in the latency of the P300 component was observed pre- and post-intervention. This study demonstrated that the use of a CBATP resulted in improvement in the hearing abilities assessed in an adolescent diagnosed with ASD.

Auditory training in autism spectrum disorder: a case report / Treinamento auditivo no transtorno do espectro autista: relato de caso

ABSTRACT This study aimed to measure the effects of a Computer-based Auditory Training Program (CBATP) on an adolescent diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD). This is the case report of a male, 14-year-old adolescent diagnosed with ASD. The individual was submitted to basic audiological evaluation, central auditory processing assessment and hearing electrophysiology (EP), pre- and post-therapeutic intervention. Central auditory processing (CAP) was assessed by means of the following instruments: Time-compressed Speech Test (TCST), Random Gap Detection Test (RGDT), Staggered Spondaic Word Test (SSWT), Frequency (Pitch) Pattern Sequence Test (FPST), and Duration Pattern Test (DPT). The P300 component of the Event-related Potential (ERP) was used in the hearing EP. Pre-intervention assessment of CAP showed changes in the auditory skills of closure, figure-ground and temporal ordering, but normal temporal resolution ability. Post-intervention evaluation of CAP showed improvement in all previously mentioned auditory skills, except for the figure-ground ability, which remained unchanged. Regarding the findings of the hearing EP, a decrease in the latency of the P300 component was observed pre- and post-intervention. This study demonstrated that the use of a CBATP resulted in improvement in the hearing abilities assessed in an adolescent diagnosed with ASD.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar o efeito do treinamento auditivo computadorizado em um adolescente diagnosticado com Transtorno do Espectro Autista e Transtorno do Processamento Auditivo. Participou do estudo um adolescente de 14 anos, do sexo masculino, diagnosticado com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. O sujeito foi submetido à avaliação audiológica básica, avaliação do processamento auditivo central e avaliação eletrofisiológica da audição pré e pós-intervenção. A avaliação do processamento auditivo foi composta do Teste de Fala Comprimida (FC), Randon Gap Detection Test (RGDT), Staggered Spondaic Words (SSW), Teste de Padrão de Frequência (TPF) e Teste de Padrão de Duração (TPD). Na avaliação eletrofisiológica, utilizou-se o Potencial Evocado Auditivo Cognitivo (P300). Na avaliação do processamento auditivo central pré-intervenção terapêutica, observou-se alteração nas habilidades de fechamento auditivo, figura-fundo e ordenação temporal. Na habilidade auditiva de resolução temporal, o sujeito da pesquisa demonstrou desempenho dentro dos padrões de normalidade. Na realização do processamento auditivo central, foi possível observar melhora nos resultados de todas as habilidades auditivas citadas anteriormente, exceto na habilidade de figura-fundo, que permaneceu alterada. Quantos aos achados da avaliação eletrofisiológica da audição, verificou-se diminuição da latência do componente P300 na comparação dos resultados pré e pós-treinamento auditivo. Este estudo demonstrou que a utilização de treinamento auditivo trouxe como efeito uma melhora das habilidades auditivas avaliadas de um adolescente diagnosticado com Transtorno do Espectro Autista.

Percepção da família e do terapeuta sobre a evolução de crianças em uma abordagem interdisciplinar de intervenção precoce / Family and therapist perception of child evolution in an interdisciplinary approach on early intervention

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar e comparar a percepção dos pais e dos terapeutas referente aos efeitos da intervenção precoce no desenvolvimento de seus filhos, bem como acerca da evolução da criança e perspectivas futuras. Métodos: participaram deste estudo nove sujeitos, incluídos na clínica de Intervenção Precoce. Para a coleta dos dados realizaram-se entrevistas com os pais e/ou responsáveis pelas crianças e com os terapeutas de referência, as quais foram gravadas em áudio e transcritas literalmente. As informações foram analisadas qualitativamente e confrontadas, considerando os aspectos do desenvolvimento linguístico, motor, social e psíquico das crianças. Resultados: dos nove sujeitos analisados, sete apresentaram percepção parental e terapêutica semelhante para as questões do desenvolvimento abordadas e em dois casos houve divergência entre a visão dos familiares e dos terapeutas acerca do desenvolvimento das crianças, em que os familiares demonstram expectativas muito distintas das dos terapeutas quanto ao futuro dos filhos. Em relação à comunicação, todos os pais percebem avanços como as terapeutas. Conclusão: a percepção das terapeutas e pais demonstrou efeitos positivos da intervenção precoce interdisciplinar, manifestada na concordância de pontos de vista em relação aos sete dos nove sujeitos analisados. O estudo reforçou, ainda, a importância de se realizar a escuta qualificada das dificuldades da família quanto à limitação de seus filhos e orientá-las adequadamente a depender da patologia e/ou distúrbio apresentado.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze and to compare parents and therapists perceptions regarding of early intervention effects in developing of their children, as well as child's development and future outlook. Methods: this research studied nine individuals from Early Intervention Clinic. Parents and responsible were interviewed. They were recorded and literately transcribed. The information was analyzed qualitatively and confronted considering the following child development aspects: linguistic, motor, social and psychic. Results: seven out of nine individuals analyzed showed similar parental and therapeutic perception concerning the development characteristics analyzed. In two cases, there was disagreement between family members and therapists regarding children development, when family members expressed different expectations from the therapists about the future of their child. Regarding communication advances, all parents and therapist realized improvements. Conclusions: the perception of therapists and parents demonstrated positive effects of interdisciplinary early intervention as manifested in the concordance between therapists and parents views in seven out of nine individuals analyzed. This study also reinforced the importance of conducting a qualified monitoring of family difficulties regarding to limitation of their children and guide them appropriately depending on the disease or disorder presented.